
That are developed newly in diesel
engine fuel system are fuel storing pipe (accumulator), ultra
high pressure fueler and injector (injector) that is called common
rail. In addition, there are electrical input and output element
and ECU(computer) to control complex device precisely. By strong
regulation about exhaust gas, noise and result of necessity about
low rate of fuel consumption, demend of improvement is rising
for injection system of diesel engine, and to mix fuel with air
efficiently, fuel must spout within combustor at pressure of about
350~2,000 bars, a spouted fuel quantity is controlled very precisely.
And control of speed of revolution and load is done by fuel discharge
rate in diesel engine. Existent diesel engine controls discharge
rate as machine governor (governor),but common rail controls ratio
of air and fuel electronical by ECU

In direct injection system, injection
pressure is created independently in speed of revolution and a
spouted fuel quantity of engine, and store in common rail. Beginning
injection and discharge rate of fuel are calculated in ECU of
engine, and via injection unit, is spouted in each cylinder through
solenoid controlled valve of injector. Introduction of injection
pump was started when Bosch manufactures diesel engine fuel injection
system in 1927, and main application are commercial diesel engine
of all sizes and conveyance vehicle, marine. CRDI engine used
present is the method that escaped concept of past injection pump,
produce output of about 160 kw per cylinder, about 1,350 bar's
injection pressure is used. Common rail used to direct injection
diesel engine is controlled very detail comparing with existent
fuel injection system.

Components of fuel system become
to divide after forming fuel of high pressure, and control electronically
by ECU. Therefore, fuel system is different with fuel supply method
of injection pump system used in fuel injection system of existing
diesel engine. COMMON rail fuel injection system is consist of
low pressure fuel system, high pressure fuel system of fuel and
ECU that is a control component. And fuel supply progress is low
pressure fuel pump - fuel filter - high pressure fuel pump - COMMON
rail injector.

Low pressure fuel system of COMMON
rail fuel injection system is consist of fuel tank (strainer inclusive),
the first fuel pump (low pressure fuel pump), fuel filter , low
pressure fuel line.
FUEL TANK
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ÀÌ»ó)À̸ç, °úµµÇÑ ¾Ð·ÂÀÇ ¹ß»ýÀ» ¹æÁöÇϱâ À§ÇØ Àû´çÇÑ Ç÷¯±× ¹× ¾ÈÀü¹ëºê°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ Ãæ°Ý, °æ»çÁø µµ·ÎÀÇ
¼±È¸¿¡¼ ´©Ãâ ¹æÁö´Â ¹°·Ð ¿¬·á °ø±ÞÀÌ ¿øÈ°Çϵµ·Ï ¼³°èµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
LOW PRESSURE FUEL PUMP(1st
FUEL SUPPLY PUMP)
Àú¾Ð ¿¬·á ÆßÇÁ´Â Àü±â·Î ±¸µ¿µÇ¸ç, ÇÊÅ͸¦ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ÆßÇÁ´Â ¿¬·á ÅÊÅ©·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿¬·á¸¦ ¿¬¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î °í¾Ð ¿¬·áÆßÇÁ ÂÊÀ¸·Î Àü´ÞÇÑ´Ù.
FUEL FILTER
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±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò, ¹ëºê, ÀÎÁ§ÅÍ µî¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¬·á ÇÊÅÍ´Â ¿¬·á°¡ °í¾Ð ¿¬·áÆßÇÁ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇϱâ ÀÌÀü¿¡ Á¤ÈÇÏ¿© °í¾Ð
¿¬·áÆßÇÁ¿¡¼ ¿øÈ°ÇÑ ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
°í¾Ð ¿¬·á°èÅëÀº °í¾Ð ¿¬·áÆßÇÁ(¾Ð·Â Á¦¾î ¹ëºê ºÎÂø), °í¾Ð ¿¬·á ¶óÀÎ, Ä¿¸Õ ·¹ÀÏ ¾Ð·Â¼¾¼,
¾Ð·Â Á¦ÇÑ ¹ëºê, À¯·® Á¦Çѱâ, ÀÎÁ§ÅÍ ¹× ¾îÅ¥¹Ä·¹ÀÌÅͷμÀÇ Ä¿¸Õ ·¹ÀÏ, ¿¬·á ¸®ÅÏ ¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
HIGH PRESSURE PUMP
ÀÌ ÆßÇÁ´Â ¿¬·á¸¦ °í¾ÐÀ¸·Î Çü¼º½ÃŰ´Â ÀåÄ¡À̸ç, Ä·Ãà¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ±¸µ¿ µÇ´Â ·ÎÅ͸®ÇüÀÌ´Ù.
°í¾Ð ¿¬·áÆßÇÁ´Â ¿¬·á¸¦ ¾à 1350barÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀ¸·Î °¡¾Ð½Ã۸ç, ÀÌ °¡¾ÐµÈ ¿¬·á´Â °í¾Ð ¶óÀÎÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© °ü(η)¸ð¾çÀÇ
Ä¿¸Õ ·¹ÀÏ(¾îÅ¥¹Ä·¹ÀÌÅÍ)·Î À̼ÛÇÑ´Ù.
COMMON RAIL
Ä¿¸Õ ·¹ÀÏÀº °í¾ÐÆßÇÁ·ÎºÎÅÍ °ø±ÞµÈ ¿¬·á¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í, ÀÎÁ§ÅͰ¡ ¿¬·á¸¦ ºÐ»çÇÏ´õ¶óµµ
Ä¿¸Õ ·¹ÀÏ ³»ÀÇ ¿¬·á ¾Ð·ÂÀº Ç×»ó ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¿¬·á °íÀ¯ÀÇ Åº¼ºÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾îÅ¥¹Ä·¹ÀÌÅÍ(Ãà¾Ð±â)ÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ Áõ°¡Çϱâ
¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
¿¬·áÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀº Ä¿¸Õ ·¹ÀÏÀÇ ¾Ð·Â ¼¾¼¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃøÁ¤µÇ¸ç, ¾Ð·Â Á¦¾î ¹ëºê¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¿øÇÏ´Â °ªÀ¸·Î À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù. ¿¬·á ¾Ð·ÂÀ» Ä¿¸Õ
·¹ÀÏ ³»¿¡¼ 1,350bar·Î Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Ð·Â Á¦ÇÑ ¹ëºêÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í »ó´çÈ÷ °¡¾Ð µÈ ¿¬·á´Â À¯·® Á¦Çѱ⿡ ÀÇÇØ Ä¿¸Õ
·¹ÀϷκÎÅÍ ÀÎÁ§ÅÍ·Î ÇâÇÑ´Ù.
INJECTOR
ÀÎÁ§ÅÍ´Â ¿¬·á ºÐ»çÀåÄ¡·Î¼ ¼Ö·¹³ëÀÌµå ¹ëºê¿Í ´Ïµé ¹ëºê ¹× ³ëÁñ·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ECU¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦¾îµÈ´Ù. ÀÎÁ§ÅÍÀÇ
³ëÁñÀº ECUÀÇ ½ÅÈ£¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼Ö·¹³ëÀÌµå ¹ëºê°¡ ÀÛµ¿µÇ¾î ¿¸®¸é ¿¬·á°¡ ¿£ÁøÀÇ ¿¬¼Ò½Ç¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ºÐ»çµÈ´Ù. ÀÎÁ§ÅÍÀÇ
³ëÁñÀÌ ¿·Á¼ ºÐ»ç ÈÄ ³²Àº ¿¬·á´Â ¸®ÅÏ ¶óÀÎÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ´Ù½Ã ¿¬·á ÅÊÅ©·Î µÇµ¹¾Æ°£´Ù. ¾Ð·Â Á¦¾î ¹ëºê¿Í Àú¾ÐÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
¹ÝȯµÇ´Â ¿¬·áµµ °í¾Ð ¿¬·áÆßÇÁ¸¦ À±È°Çϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ ¿¬·á¿Í ÇÔ²² ¸®ÅÏ ¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°£´Ù.
HIGH
PRESSURE PIPE
¿¬·á ¶óÀÎÀº °í¾ÐÀÇ ¿¬·á¸¦ À̼ÛÇϹǷΠ°èÅë ³»ÀÇ ÃÖ´ë ¾Ð·Â°ú ºÐ»ç¸¦ Á¤ÁöÇÒ ¶§ °£ÇæÀûÀ¸·Î
ÀϾ´Â ³ôÀº Á֯ļöÀÇ ¾Ð·Â º¯È¿¡ °ßµô ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇϹǷΠ¿¬·á¶óÀÎ ÀÇ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ´Â °Ã¶(steel)À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. Ä¿¸Õ ·¹Àϰú
ÀÎÁ§ÅÍ »çÀÌÀÇ °í¾Ð ÆÄÀÌÇÁ´Â ¸ðµÎ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ±æÀÌ·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Ä¿¸Õ ·¹Àϰú °¢°¢ÀÇ ÀÎÁ§ÅÍ »çÀÌÀÇ ±æÀÌ´Â °¢°¢ÀÇ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ
±æÀÌ¿¡¼ ±ÁÈû¿¡ ÀÇÇØ º¸»óµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.